DDR3 PC3-8500

Memory Type: DDR3 PC3-8500, DDR3 (non-ECC)
Maximum Memory: 8GB
Slots: 2

This 17" system may utilize one of the following processors:
2.53GHz Intel Core i5, 2.66GHz or 2.8GHz Intel Core i7 processor.

Memory or DRAM is the "working" memory of the computer. It's used to store data for programs (sequences of instructions) on a temporary basis.

video - installing memory
SATA

Storage Drives -- hard drives and solid state drives -- are the permanent memory for the programs and documents on your computer.
Data Transfer Rate is the rate at which data can be sent or received. This is determined by your motherboard. A drive with a higher transfer rate will only run at the rate of the motherboard's transfer rate.
Cache is a type of working memory that allows the drive to perform faster.
RPM is the rotations per minute of a hard drive which effects the speed of data transfer.
Solid State Drives are non-moving memory, so access speed is instant.
nVidia GeForce GT330M Graphics

External Connector: 15-hole connector

Graphics Card A circuit board fitted to a computer containing the necessary video memory and other electronics to provide a bitmap display. Adaptors vary in the resolution (number of pixels) and number of colours they can display, and in the refresh rate they support. These parameters are also limited by the monitor to which the adaptor is connected.